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William James

Pragmatist and Psychologist

William James

1842–1910 · New York and Cambridge, Massachusetts · Americas

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An American philosopher and psychologist who helped found pragmatism and described the mind as a flowing stream shaped by attention and habit.

Key work: The Principles of Psychology (1890)

“My experience is what I agree to attend to.”

The Principles of Psychology (1890), chapter 11

Key ideas, in brief (in our words)

  • Test an idea by the difference it makes.

  • Thought flows like a stream, not a chain.

  • Habits are formed by acting firmly at the start.

Read more: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

On the climb

Pragmatism

The Stream of ThoughtWhat Would ChangeThe PushbackBetting on Belief

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