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Bernard Williams

Philosopher of Moral Luck

Bernard Williams

1929–2003 · Essex, Cambridge and Oxford · European

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An English philosopher who argued that luck reaches into our moral judgments, that a person’s reasons for acting must connect to what they already care about, and that moral theory can demand too much of a life.

Key work: Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy (1985)

“Ethical life is important, but it can see that things other than itself are important.”

Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy (1985), p. 184

Key ideas, in brief (in our words)

  • How we judge an act depends partly on how it turns out.

  • A reason to act has to link to something you already want or care about.

  • Some moral demands leave a person with “one thought too many.”

Read more: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

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