Quest2ReasonClimb the mountain, sharpen your mind.
← All philosophers
Philippa Foot

Philosopher of Natural Goodness

Philippa Foot

1920–2010 · Owston Ferry and Oxford · European

Your quest companion appears in the header, offers one of their ideas on your home page each day, and cheers you on in lessons. You can change companions at any time, and your progress stays the same.

An English philosopher who introduced the trolley problem and argued that moral goodness is a kind of natural goodness, like the health of a plant.

Key work: Natural Goodness (2001)

“The man who rejects morality because he sees no reason to obey its rules can be convicted of villainy but not of inconsistency.”

“Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives” (1972), in Virtues and Vices (1978), p. 161

Key ideas, in brief (in our words)

  • Goodness in people is like health in living things.

  • Virtues are what humans need to flourish.

  • Doing harm and allowing harm are not the same.

Read more: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

On the climb

Doing and AllowingThe Good of a Plant

Quest with Philippa Foot above to start the climb and open these lessons.