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Antonio Gramsci

Theorist of Hegemony

Antonio Gramsci

1891–1937 · Sardinia, Turin and Rome · European

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An Italian Marxist and politician imprisoned by Mussolini’s regime, whose prison notebooks explained how a ruling group keeps power by winning consent, through ideas that come to seem like common sense, and not only by force.

Key work: Prison Notebooks (written 1929–1935)

“All men are intellectuals, one could therefore say: but not all men have in society the function of intellectuals.”

Prison Notebooks, “The Intellectuals,” trans. Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell Smith, Selections from the Prison Notebooks (1971)

Key ideas, in brief (in our words)

  • Power lasts longest when it feels like common sense.

  • Culture is a field where politics is won and lost.

  • Every person thinks, though not everyone is given the role of thinker.

Read more: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

On the climb

Consent, Not Force

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