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Zhuangzi

The Butterfly Dreamer

Zhuangzi

c. 369–286 BCE · Song, China · East Asian

Your quest companion appears in the header, offers one of their ideas on your home page each day, and cheers you on in lessons. You can change companions at any time, and your progress stays the same.

A Chinese Daoist thinker whose playful stories, such as the butterfly dream and the useless tree, question fixed viewpoints and praise going with change.

Key work: Zhuangzi

“Now I do not know whether I was then a man dreaming I was a butterfly, or whether I am now a butterfly dreaming I am a man.”

Zhuangzi, chapter 2, trans. Herbert Giles (1889)

Key ideas, in brief (in our words)

  • Fixed viewpoints are smaller than the world.

  • The useless tree lives long because no one cuts it.

  • Move with change instead of fighting it.

Read more: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

On the climb

Zhuangzi’s Daoism

The Butterfly DreamThe Useless TreeThe Happy Fish

Quest with Zhuangzi above to start the climb and open these lessons.