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Immanuel Kant

The Critic of Reason

Immanuel Kant

1724–1804 · Königsberg · European

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A Prussian professor who never traveled far from Königsberg, yet argued that the mind shapes experience and that morality rests on rules reason can will for everyone.

Key work: Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785)

“Act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become a universal law.”

Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, section 2, trans. T. K. Abbott

Key ideas, in brief (in our words)

  • Act only on a rule you could will for everyone.

  • A person is an end, never only a means.

  • Reason has a shore it cannot sail past.

Read more: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

On the climb

Kantianism

The SublimeThe Murderer at the DoorLiking Without WantingPersons as EndsThe Universal TestTwo Tests, One DecisionMoral LuckPromises and Their Cost

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